Flat Feet
A true flat foot exists when the bones in the arch of the foot have collapsed and are flat on the floor. Most people have a degree of arch in the foot when they are not standing although this does vary between people and racial groups. When the foot is loaded on standing/walking, the bones of the arch lower giving the appearance of a flat foot. This motion is known as pronation and the degree of pronation that occurs varies between individuals.
Even when the pronation occurs, most people still retain a degree of arch on standing. If the arch collapses completely then this is known as a flexible flat foot. However, if the arch is flat sitting and standing, this is known as a rigid flat foot.
What causes a flat foot?
Many people who have a flat foot were born with a mobile flat foot. Although the foot may remain mobile it can become more rigid with age.
Symptoms
Low and/or Flat Arch
Pain and/or Discomfort in the Foot, Leg or Back
Associated Deformities (e.g. Bunions, Arthritis)
Difficulty in Shoes
Difficulty Walking
Stiffness in the Foot
Corn / Callus formation
Treating Flat Feet
The way in which you walk can place increased stress on your foot and this can be controlled by special shoe inserts (orthotics). Whilst these are unlikely to resolve an established deformity, they may help reduce discomfort. In acute cases, a period of immobilization may be required and severe cases may need an ankle foot orthosis.